Wednesday 23 December 2020

DESIGN OF MOULD IN PODWER METALLURGY TECHNIQUE FOR METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES

The demand for materials of superior properties is increasing day by day. Due to this materials scientist are developing new materials to meet the demand of growing need of materials.



The material scientist for the development of metal matrix composite has been given much attention, which are continuously replacing traditional materials. There are several fabrication techniques for the production of MMC. Among the fabrication processes of MMCs of recent development, powder metallurgy is one of the most widely used fabrication techniques. 
Powder Metallurgy (P/M) offers designers and users a versatile and efficient method of producing components. The process is versatile because it can be used for simple and complex shapes, and a full range of chemical, physical and mechanical properties is possible to obtain. P/M is efficient because it produces moderate to high-volume net or near-net shapes, with very little raw material loss. 
In general, the process has very good potential to improve performance through uniform properties, fine grain structures, and chemical homogeneity. During the process, the matrix material powders and the reinforcement particles are blended to produce a homogeneous distribution and fed into a mould of desired shape, hot press to a desired level of compaction and final consolidation by extrusion, forging, rolling or some other hot working method. The powder metallurgy attracted attention of the parts manufacturer during the last decades based on progress in materials, process and equipment. 




The conventional powder metallurgy process consists of three main-steps: powder mixing, compacting (sintering) and extrusion. To carry out the processing of MMC through powder metallurgy, development of powder metallurgy set up is essential. Powder metallurgy set up consists of several main parts such as die, mould, in which the powder is contained, punches, which are used to apply compacting pressure and heater for hot compaction as well as hot extrusion of MMCs. The main aim of the article is to discuss model design, process planning and fabrication of powder metallurgy set up as well as heating system for hot compacting /extrusion (direct and indirect).

The fabrication methodology of a composite part depends mainly on three factors:

 (i) the characteristics of constituent matrices and reinforcements.
 (ii) the shapes, sizes and engineering details of products.
(iii) end uses. 

The composite products are too many and cover a very wide domain of applications ranging from an engine valve, or a printed circuit board laminate, or a large-size boat hull or to an aircraft wing. The fabrication technique varies from one product to the other. The matrix types (i.e., whether they are plastics, metals or ceramics) play a dominant role in the selection of a fabrication process.

FABRICATION PROCESSES FOR METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES

Aluminium, magnesium, titanium and nickel alloys are commonly used as metal matrices, although several other matrix materials including super alloys have also been used. Both metal and ceramic reinforcements are employed. The choice of a particular matrix-reinforcement system is mainly controlled by the end use of the fabricated composite part. Several parameters influence the selection of a particular fabrication process. These are (i) types of matrices and reinforcements, (ii) the shape, size, orientation and distribution of reinforcements, (iii) the chemical, thermal and mechanical properties of reinforcements and matrices, (iv) shape, size and dimensional tolerances of the part and (v) finally the end use and cost-effectiveness. 
Compared to standard metallurgical processes, fabrication methods for metal matrix composites are much more complex and diverse. Some problems that are of major concern are the densification of the matrix while maintaining its purity, the control of reinforcement spacing and proper chemical bonding between the matrix and reinforcements. Based on the physical state of the matrix i.e., solid phase and liquid phase, fabrication processes can be grouped under solid phase processing and liquid phase processing.




   The diffusion bonding employs the matrix in the solid phase, in the form of sheet or foil. Composite laminates are produced by consolidating alternate layers of precursor wires or fibre mats and metal matrix sheets or foils under temperature and pressure. The precursor wires are collimated filaments held together with a fugitive organic binder. This is achieved either by winding binder-coated filaments onto a circular cylindrical mandrel or by spraying the binder on the filaments that are already wound on a mandrel. When the solvent is evaporated, the fibre-resin combination forms a rolled fibre mat on the mandrel surface. The binder resin in precursor wires and fibre mats decomposes at a high temperature without leaving any residue. Under temperature and pressure metal sheets or foils melt and diffuse through fibre layers to form a laminate.







5 comments:

  1. Great job, this is essential information that is shared by you. This information is meaningful and very important for us to increase our knowledge about it. Always keep sharing this type of information. Thanks once again for sharing it. pls visit our website Custom soft magnetics for sale online in USA

    ReplyDelete
  2. it was a wonderful chance to visit this kind of site and I am happy to know. thank you so much for giving us a chance to have this opportunity.. Injection Molding design

    ReplyDelete
  3. This is a great post. I like this topic.This site has lots of advantage.I found many interesting things from this site. It helps me in many ways.Thanks for posting this again. CNC Milling service

    ReplyDelete
  4. You re in point of fact a just right webmaster. The website loading speed is amazing. It kind of feels that you're doing any distinctive trick. Moreover, The contents are masterpiece. you have done a fantastic activity on this subject! 維修商業电磁爐

    ReplyDelete
  5. I got too much interesting stuff on your blog. I guess I am not the only one having all the enjoyment here! Keep up the good work. duct removal services melbourne

    ReplyDelete

Application of FEA in Automotive Industry

Introduction    we delve into Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and FEA services, it is necessary to understand what Finite Elemental Method (FE...