Technical talks : DESIGN OF SPRING

A spring is an elastic object part of the simple machines and is the only one that stores mechanical energy not related to gravitational force. Springs are typically made of spring steel.

The function of Spring :-

To absorb the shocks or Vibration as in-car springs, railway buffers, etc. To measure the forces as in a spring balance. Apply forces in brakes and clutches to stop the vehicles. The function is to store the energy as in clocks, toys, etc.

Different types of springs and applications :-

1.compression spring :- designed to operate with a compressive load and found in shock absorbers, spring mattresses, mechanical pencils, and retractable pens.

2.extension spring :- designed to operate with a tensile load. An archetypical example is a Slinky, but these are also found in luggage scales and garage door mechanisms.

3.torsion spring :- designed to operate with torque (twisting force); powers every clothespin and mouse trap.

4.constant force spring :- Self-explanatory by its name, a constant force spring requires nearly the same force, no matter how long the extension. Constant force springs are also called clock springs. This type of spring is usually a coiled ribbon of spring steel used in counterbalancing applications, such as height adjustment for monitor.

Formulas for compression spring design :-

Solid Height = Wire Diameter x (Total Coils + 1)
Lsolid = d(N+1)

Inner Diameter = Outer Diameter – 2 (Wire Diameter)
D inner = D outer – 2d

Outer Diameter = Inner Diameter + 2 (Wire Diameter)
D outer = D inner + 2d

Mean Diameter = Outer Diameter – Wire Diameter
D = D outer – d

Index = Mean Diameter ÷ Wire Diameter
I = D ÷ d